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INDONESIA
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
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Articles 8 Documents
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Search results for , issue " Vol 4, No 1 (2015): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional" : 8 Documents clear
Metformin increases protein expression of Bax and p21 in WiDr cancer cell line Mahanani, Melani Ratih; Budiani, Dyah Ratna; Probandari, Ari Natalia
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 4, No 1 (2015): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Background: Colorectal cancer is malignancy in the gastrointestinal tract which leads to high morbidity and mortality rates globally. Colorectal cancer is the fourth highest cancer in Indonesia. 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is the first choice of chemotherapy for treating colorectal cancer but this therapy isless effective due to severeadverse effects. Metformin, a biguanidediabetes drug, has a potential anticancer, which is able to inhibit growth of some cancer cell lines like breast cancer, prostate cancer, hepatocellular cancer, and nasopharynx cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate protein expression ofBax (pro apoptotic protein) and p21 (cell cycle inhibitor) on colorectal cancer cell line treated with metformin. Methods: This study was a laboratory experimental study with the posttest only control group design. WiDrcancer cell line was cultured in RPMI1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 100 U penicillin and 100 µg/ml streptomycin and incubatedin 5% CO2for 48 h at 37 ° C.Following day, cellswere treated with medium only, 7.68 mM5-FU and various doses of metformin(20, 10 and 5 mM) respectively. Protein expression of Bax and p21 was assessed by using immunocytochemistry staining against monoclonal antibodies antihuman Bax and p21.Intensity staining of each cell group was cytological scored and statistically analyzed by using Kruskal Wallis test. Results:Higher intensity score of Bax immunostaining was observed in WiDr cell line treated with three doses of metformin, compared to that of incontrol WiDr cell line and reached significantly difference with p= 0,00. Interestingly, these intensity scores of immunostaining were higher than the intensity score of immunostaining in WiDr cell line with 5-FU treatment. Moreover, administration of metformin increased intensity staining score against p21 monoclonal antibody with negatively dose dependent manner. WiDr cell line administered with 5 mM metformin had the highest intensity score of immunostaining but the intensity score was lower than the intensity score of immunostaining in WiDr cell line with 5-FU treatment. Conclusion: Metformin up regulates protein expression of Bax and p21 in WiDr cancer cell line and may become a promising anticancer. Further investigation is required to confirm the up regulation of both proteins. Keywords: Bax,colorectal cancer, metformin, p21 
Exposure of hazardous compounds in Furniture Painting Induces Oxidative Stress through Increasing Plasma Malondialdehyde (MDA) Levels Oktaviani, Ratna; Jusup, Sinu Andhi; Indarto, Dono
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 4, No 1 (2015): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Background: Some heavy metals and organic solvents like toluene and formaldehydeare hazardous chemicals that are usually used to paint furniture.These compounds may increase oxidative stress andassociatewithseveraldiseases.Oxidative stress is characterized by high levels of free radicals, which induce macromolecule oxidation including lipid. Lipid is oxidized to become reactive and toxic compounds like ethane and MDA. This study aimed to investigatethedifferences ofplasma MDA levels between furniture painters and non-painters. Method:This study was analytical observationwithcross sectional research design. Thisstudywas conducted in several furniture industries in Taunan, Jepara. 14 people who work as furniture painters were classified as the painter group and 14 people who work as non-furniture painters become the control group. The plasma MDA levels were measured by using Thiobarbituric Acid ReactiveSubstances(TBARS) test. The collected data was statistically analyzed by using student t and multiple linear regression tests. Result:The majority of people in painter group aged between 20-34 years old and was younger than that of control group (25-39 years old). A significant increase in MDA levels was observed in the painter group, compared with MDA levels of the control group (5.74 ±0.39 vs. 1.94 ±0.33 µmol/L) with p value <0.001. Paint exposure was significantly associated with plasma MDA levels (r = 0,968; = 96,80%; p<0,001).Other factors such as nutritional status, food, psychic, sports and air pollutants had small proportion (3.20%) to increase the MDA levels. Conclusion:Plasma MDA levels of furniture painters increased approximately three-fold and are positively related to paint chemical exposure. This data suggests the possibility of oxidative stressin furniture painters although its pathogenesis needs further investigation. Keywords: Furniture painters,oxidativestress, plasma MDA level 
Effect of EthanolicExtract of Centella asiatica againts Adrenal Gland CortexCell Lipid Droplet Feature Induced by Chronic Immobilization Stress in Rats Zahran, Mochammad Fairuz; Wasita, Brian; Wiyono, Nanang; Febrinasari, Ratih Puspita
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 4, No 1 (2015): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Background: Chronic stress can increase the lipid droplet in cortex cell and adrenal gland damage. Pegagan extract contains such as asiaticoside, flavonoids and triterpenoid are known have antioxidant effect. The objective of the present study was to investigate the beneficial effects of Ethanolic Extract of Centella asiatica (EEC) on adrenal gland cortexcell lipid droplet feature induced by immobilization stress in male rats. Method: This study was a laboratory experimental study with randomized post test only control group design. Paraffin blocks from thirty five male rats previously subjected with chronic immobilization stress and then divided into 6 groups: control group given distilled water 1 mg/kg, stress + PGA, stress + 150 mg/kg EEC, stress + 300 mg/kg EEC, stress + 600 mg/kg EEC and stress + fluoxetine 10 mg. The treatments were performed for 21 consecutive days. Lipid droplet was evaluated using Scoring Lipid Content from Hematoxylin Eosin staining. Statistic analysis was performed using Kruskall-Wallis test continued by Post Hoc Mann-Whitney Test with Bonferroni correction. Result: Results of Kruskall Wallis test showed significant differences in six groups with p = 0.000. Mann Whitney test with Bonferroni correction showed a significant difference between control group with stress + PGA and stress + 600 mg/kg EEC. Fluexetine as positive control show the most effective dose in this study (p = 0,000). There were no significant difference between fluoxetine as control positive and control group (p = 0,112). Conclusion: Stress + 600 mg/kg EEC has beneficial effect on preventing adrenal gland cortexcell lipid droplet feature induced by chronic immobilization stress in rat. Keywords : Centella asiatica, chronic immobilization stress, adrenal glands lipid droplet feature 
The Effect of Propolis’ Ethanolic Extract on the degree of lung damage of mice (Mus musculus) which induced by cigarette smoke ismael, .; Prasetyo, Diding Hery; Pesik, Riza Novierta
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 4, No 1 (2015): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Background: The Propolis’ ethanolic extract contains a variety of potent antioxidants, especially flavonoids and Caffeic Acid Phenylethyl Ester (CAPE). Flavonoids have a very strong antioxidant effect against free radicals capable of cigarettes. Meanwhile, CAPE is a potent inhibitor of Nuclear Factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cell (NF-kB). Nuclear Factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cell (NF-kB) is an essential mediator of inflammation. This study aims to demonstrate the effect of ethanolic extract of propolis can reduce the degree of lung damage of mice induced by cigarette smoke. Methods: This was a laboratory experimental research the posttest only control group design. Samples were twenty five mices Swiss Webster type (age 2-3 months; weight 20-30 gram) divided into 5 groups, each group has five mices.   Mices for Control Group (KK) and Induction Group (KI) were administered by aquadest. While,  the first Treatment Group (KP1), the second Treatment Group (KP2) and the third Treatment Group (KP3) were administered propolis’ ethanolic extract  by dose 5.6 mg/20 g weight of mice, 11.2 mg/20 g weight of mice, and 16.8 mg/20 g weight of mice respectively. All groups except KK, were induced by smoke of one cigarette stick per day before extract administration. This research was done for 14 days. On day 15th, the mice were killed and lung organ was isolated and prepared histologically using paraffin method and then stained with haematoxylin and eosin (HE). The Data were analyzed by using Kruskall Wallis (α = 0.05) and continued by Mann Whitney (α = 0,05). Results: The results of Kruskall Wallis test showed that there was significant difference between five-groups. Mann Whitney test results showed there was significant difference between grups of KK-KI, KI-KP1, KI-KP2,KI-KP3, KP1-KP2,KP1-KP3 and  KP2-KP3. Conclusion: Propolis’ ethanolic extract  decreasethe degree of lung damage of mice (Mus musculus) which induced by cigarette smoke. Keywords: Propolis ,cigarette smoke, degree of lung damage, mice. 
The Effect of Alkaline Water on Blood Glucose Diabetic White Rates. Ramadhani, Dhia; Ediningsih, Endang; Ayusari, Amelya Augusthina
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 4, No 1 (2015): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Background: Alkaline water has high pH level and work as antioxidant that could repair the damaged pancreatic beta cells caused by alloxan. This research aimed to know the effect of alkaline water on blood glucose in diabetic white rats induced by alloxan. Methods: This was an experimental research with pre- and post-test group design. The subjects were thirty Wistar male white rats selected by a simple random technique. They were divided into 2 groups, control group (aquadest group), and treatment group given alkaline water dosed 23 ml perday. Blood glucose were measured by stript test at the first day as GDP 1, at the fifth day after induced by alloxan as GDP 2, and the last, after treatment at the twelfth day as GDP 3. The data were analyzed by Anova test followed by Post Hoc Test using SPSS for Windows Release 20 program. Results: This research showed that there was significant difference of GDP 3 betweenaquadest and alkaline group (p=0,00) by independent t test.There was no significant difference between GDP 1 and GDP 3 both group by dependent t test. Conclusion: It concluded that alkaline water was able to decrease the blood glucose level on diabetic white rates induced by alloxan. Keywords: alkaline water, blood glucose level, antioxidant 
Molecular Docking Analysis of Family Fabaceae Phytochemistry to Estrogen Receptor Alpha Compared to Tamoxifen in Breast Cancer Putra, Ega Caesaria Pratama; Pesik, Riza Novierta; Kusumawati, Ratna
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 4, No 1 (2015): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is the second most common cancer.Estrogen is the risk factor of breast cancer. Estrogen receptor α is expressed by 50-80% of breast cancer.  The mechanism of estrogen is mediated by estrogen receptor α and estrogen receptor β. Tamoxifen is a selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) that can be bound to the estrogen receptor α, therefore prevent bonding between estrogen and estrogen receptor α. Methods: This research used molecular docking analysis of family Fabaceae’s Phytochemistry as an inhibitor of estrogen receptor α activation. This study was observational bioinformatics study to observe interaction between family Fabaceae’s phytochemistry and estrogen receptorα. Molecular docking analysis observed binding energy and binding location. This virtual screening analysis was done using PyRx, AutoDock Vina, PyMOL, Open Babel, and UCSF Chimera. Results: We obtained 471 Family Fabaceae’s phytochemistry from database, only five compounds that have equal or lower binding energy compared with tamoxifen, that compound werebeta-amyrine (9.6 KJ/Mol), obovatin( 9.6 KJ/Mol), erythrabyssin II (9.6 KJ/Mol), Cajaflavanone (10.2 KJ/Mol), and tomentosanol E (10.5 KJ/Mol). The visualization of binding location analysis showed that only cajaflavanone which have relatively similar binding site location with tamoxifen. Conclusions: Cajaflavanone have a similar characteristic with tamoxifen, and have a potency to be used as partial antagonist of estrogen receptor alpha in breast cancer based molecular docking analysis. However, In vitro and In vivo researchneeded to determine the effectiveness. Keywords: Breast Cancer, Molecular Docking, Fabacea, Tamoxifen, Estrogen Receptor α 
Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Centella asiatica against Cortex Hypertrophy of Adrenal Gland Induced by Chronic Immobilization Stress in Rats Hidayat, Achmad Nurul; Wasita,dr.,Ph.D, Brian -; Wiyono,dr.,M.Kes, Nanang -
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 4, No 1 (2015): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Background: Chronic stress affects the cortex changes such as hypertrophy which is caused by the physiology change of HPA (Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal) pathway. Pegagan extract contains beneficial compounds such as triterpenoid is known has antistress and antidepressant effect. This present study aims to investigate Ethanolic Extract of Centella asiatica (EEC) on cortex hyperthropy level induced by chronic immobiliztion stress in male rats. Methods: This study was laboratory experimental study with randomized post test only control group design. Paraffin blocks was processed from thirty Sprague Dawley male rats. They were previously subjected with chronic immobilization stress and then divided into 6 groups: control group given distilled water 1 mg/kg, stress + PGA (Pulvis Gummi Arabicum), stress + 150 mg/kg EEC, stress + 300 mg/kg EEC, stress + 600 mg/kg EEC and stress + fluoxetine 10 mg/kg. The treatments were performed for 21 consecutive days. Cortex hypertrophy was evaluated using ImageJ 1.48v software under light microscope from hematoxylin eosin staining. Statistic analysis was performed using Kruskall-Wallis test continued by Post Hoc Mann-Whitney Test with Bonferroni correction. Result: Kruskall-Wallis test result showed significant differences in six group with p= 0,007. Meanwhile, Mann Whitney test with Bonferroni correction did not show significant difference between stress + PGA group and other groups (p>0.05). The difference result only found between control group and stress + 300 mg/kg of EEC (p= 0,001). There were no significant difference between stress + fluoxetine 10 mg/kg and control group (p = 0,880). Conclusion: EEC was incapable to decrease cortex hypertrophy level of adrenal gland in Sprague Dawley male rats induced by chronic immobilization stress. Keywords: Centella asiatica, chronic immobilization stress, hypertrophy, adrenal glands. 
Antibacterial Activity Test of Aloe vera L. Leaf Extracts on Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL) Producing Bacteria from Surgical Site Infection Isolate Zakiatunnisa, .; Maryani, .; Setyawan, Sigit
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 4, No 1 (2015): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Background: Surgical site infection is clinically defined as a discharge of purulent around wounds or cellulitis inside postoperative wounds. One of the factors that cause surgical site infections is the ESBL producing bacteria that developed a resistance towards most antibiotics. Aloe vera L. is known to possess a lot of antibacterials potent against various bacteria, either gram-positive or gram-negative. This research aims to prove the effects of the administration of Aloe vera L. leaf extracts towards  the growth of ESBL producing bacteria from surgical site infection isolates. Method of research: This research was an experimental laboratory  research (post test only with control group design) with sampling technique non-probability sampling ;  consecutive sampling. The research was done in the UNS Faculty of Medicines Laboratory of Microbiology. Extraction of samples was done in the Dr. Moewardi Public Hospital Laboratory of Microbiology.The independent variable of this research was 70% ethanol extracts of Aloe vera L. leaf with concentrations of  25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. The research subject was surgical site infection isolate ESBL producing bacteria, standardized with Mc Farland 0.5. Sensitivity test on the Muller-Hinton medium used the diffusion method with cefoperazon/sulbactam as positive control and aquades as negative control. The result of research was tested with Kruskal-Wallis­ testing method followed by Mann-Whitney testing method. Results: Kruskal-Wallis test results indicates a significant interception potential between two treatment groups (P = 0.000). Mann-Whitney test results indicates a significant difference of interception potentials on every treatment group, with the exception of the interception potential groups of 75% concentration extract and 100% concentration extract, no significant interception potential was found (P = 0.179). Conclusion: Aloe vera L. leaf extract proves to possess potential activity interception towards the growth of ESBL producing bacteria from surgical site infection isolates. The concentrations of Aloe vera L. leaf extract possess a positive correlation towards the interception potentials on surgical site infection ESBL producing bacteria. Keywords: Infection, postoperative wound, ESBL, Aloe vera.  

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